Know how a person’s dementia is likely to progress may help out ahead and cope with the challenges.
The pace at which dementia develops varies depending on age, health, lifestyle, and the type of dementia. A healthy, active lifestyle may help manage symptoms and lead to a longer life. The World Health Organization breaks the stages of dementia into three: early, middle, and late.
Early Stage
In the early stage, memory issues, repetition, and trouble following conversations are common. The person may struggle at work, misplace items, or forget what they’ve just read. Planning ahead can become harder, but many can still drive and live independently. They’re often aware something is changing. This stage typically lasts around two years.
It’s the key time to plan ahead – make or update a will, set up a Lasting Power of Attorney, and discuss future care while the person still has capacity.
Middle Stage
This stage can last around four years. Mood changes, social withdrawal, and confusion are common. The person may forget personal details and need help with daily tasks like cooking or dressing appropriately.
They may become restless, wander, or experience sundowning – agitation later in the day when daylight fades. Hallucinations or paranoia may also occur sometimes. The person will definitely need support.
Last Stage
In the final stage, symptoms become severe. The person may not speak clearly, recognise you, or move independently. They are vulnerable to infections like pneumonia and may sleep much of the time. They will need 24-hour care and may need to live in a nursing home. Sitting with them, holding their hand, or playing music can offer comfort. Even if the person doesn’t remember you, they may find you familiar and this can provide reassurance.
Published in the latest issue of Dementia Help magazine, a free digital publication for those looking after a person with dementia. To find out more about the stages of dementia, visit https://dementiahelpuk.com/magazine/
